Jatropha curcas is an important medicinal plant belonging to the euphorbiaceae family. Developing countries, on the other hand, often have extended areas of land that are not usable for agriculture with currently available crops. Kinetics of transesterification on jatropha cur cas oil to biodiesel fuel m. Jatropha curcas, commonly known as physic nut or purging nut, belongs to the euphorbiaceae family. Chemical composition, biodiesel potential and uses of. Jatropha curcas grows almost anywhere, even on gravelly, sandy and saline soils. Biodiesel wonder plant could spell doom for kenya pdf. This manual embodies the efforts made by the honduran foundation of. Summary of literature on jatropha toxicity by mike barbee. Agrobacterium tumefaciensmediated transformation of biofuels plant jatropha curcas using kanamycin selection. Jatropha curcas is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, euphorbiaceae, that is native to the american tropics, most likely mexico and central america. Jatropha curcas is also being studied for use as a carbon sequestration plant in arid regions. The progresses obtained on the knowledge of this abstemious, semiwild species are already impressive and were mainly achieved in just a decade 2001 2011.
In depth study for developing efficient direct somatic. Jatropha oil is an environmentally safe, costeffective renewable source of nonconventional energy and a promising substitute for diesel, kerosene and other fuels. About the classification report about the classification download. It is grown primarily for oil for biodiesel, but also has agronomic and medicinal applications. Considering environmental issues and to reduce dependency on fossil fuel many countries have politicized to replenish fossil fuel demand from renewable sources. Description of the plant, distribution, ecology jatropha curcas l. The latex of jatropa has anticancerous properties, roots act as an antidote for snakebite. Jatropha curcas is currently attracting much attention as an oilseed crop for biofuel, as jatropha can grow under climate and soil conditions that are unsuitable for food production. Physic nut jatropha curcas cultivation in honduras handbook 3 presentation countries lacking energy sources require the inclusion of alternative ones, with a high impact on the countrys economy. Jatropha curcas is a promising feedstock for biofuel production because its oil is highly suitable for processing biojet fuels and biodiesel.
Pdf jatropha curcas is a multipurpose plant with many attributes and considerable potential. The genus jatropha is distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics growning in marginal lands and is a potential biodiesel crop worldwide. It is a tropical plant that can be grown in low to high rainfall areas either in the farms as a commercial. Jatropha curcas can be grown in arid zones 20 cm rainfall as well as in higher rainfall zones it is a quickyielding species even in adverse land situations, that is, degraded and barren lands under forest and nonforest use, dry and drought prone areas, marginal lands, even on alkaline soils, and also as agro forestry crops.
Uganda and other countries are exploring the use of jatropha curcas nuts for biodiesel fuel production in order to lessen their dependence in imported oil. They induced proembryos from green, compact, and slow. Classification for kingdom plantae down to species jatropha curcas l. Jatropha curcas is a valuable source of medicinally important compounds. Sep 21, 2017 uganda and other countries are exploring the use of jatropha curcas nuts for biodiesel fuel production in order to lessen their dependence in imported oil. Therefore, rapid and mass propagation of jatropha curcas using somatic embryogenesis method is needed. Jatropha a wonder weed genus name for a number of plants spp app 170 spp euphorbeacea jatropha curcas l. Jatropha curcas a multipurpose african traditional. The unisexual flowers are produced on the same inflorescence, with the ratio of male flowers to female flowers ranging from 10. Species in other sections evolved from the physic nut or. Global jatropha curcas evaluation, breeding and propagation programme r. It describes climate and soil requirements to guide site selection, followed by information on best crop establishment and management practices. Jatropha curcas is a droughtresistant plant, that grows well in the harshest of conditions and poorest of soils.
Jatropha incentives in india is a part of indias goal to achieve energy independence by the year 2018. Synthesis and evaluation of jatropha oilbased emulsified. One disadvantage is that jatropha is toxic to livestock, which the multitudes of tenant farmers raise for their often meager sustenance. Institute of plant genetics and crop plant re search, gatersleben. B io d iesel p ro d u ction fro m jatropha curcas o il. Description of jatropha curcas, its origin and use species description. The whole genome of jatropha curcas was sequenced, using a combination of the conventional sanger method and newgeneration multiplex sequencing methods. It is a tropical plant that can be grown in low to. Jatropha cultivation food and agriculture organization of the. Some people recommend propagation by seed for establishment of longlived plantations. Total length of the nonredundant sequences thus obtained was 285 858 490 bp consisting of 120 586 contigs and 29 831 singlets. Use of extracts of jatropha curcas leaf formulated in a. Kinetics of transesterification on jatropha curcas oil to.
It is easy to establish, grows relatively fast, and lives for 50 years. Jatropha curcas reproduces by seed henning, 2007 and seed is the product harvested for biofuel feedstock oil carels et al. However, jatropha exhibits a long juvenile stage in subtropical areas. Jatropha oil is produced from the seeds of the jatropha curcas, a plant that can grow in wastelands across india, and the oil is considered to be an excellent source of biodiesel. Citing the potential of jatropha mostly without any scientific and technological backup, it is believed to be one of the most suitable biofuel candidates. Jatropha, challenges for a new energy crop, volume 1 reports on the state of the art of scientific investigations on the new crop jatropha curcas made during the past decade. The leaves, stem, bark, latex, seeds, and roots of j. Jatropha plant,jatropha curcas,jatropha seeds,jatropha cake. Jatropha curcas can easily be propagated by both seed or cuttings.
When jatropha plants develop from cuttings, they produce many branches but yield fewer seeds and do not have enough time to develop their taproot, which makes them sensitive to wind erosion. However, little is known about jatropha, and there are a number of challenges to be overcome. Jcl is a tall bush or small tree up to 5 m hight the genus name jatropha derives from the greek. The small flowers have five greenishyellow petals and are borne in small branched clusters.
Jatropha is a tropical plant and can be grown in low to high rainfall and diverse soil types, but the plant is susceptible to freezes. The technical evaluation of the three acids has been done based on experimental results obtained from thermal stability, droplet size analysis. Jatropha can be considered a secondgeneration biofuel plant that may provide a portion of the fuel supply. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in jatropha. A compilation paper on plantation and application of jatropha curcas. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. This is the case of renewable energy and biofuels in particular. It is resistant to drought and pests, and produces seeds containing 2740% oil, averaging 34. However, little is known about jatropha, and there are a number of challenges. Its fruiting capsules are usually dull yellow and glabrous. Chapter 3 jatropha cultivation this chapter brings together available information on the factors required for successful cultivation of jatropha for oil production.
Being a perennial plant in seasonally dry climates, soil health management under jatropha production would benefit from conservation agriculture practices. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. This case study concerns the use of the physic nut on the cape verde islands. The genus jatropha contains approximately 170 known species. Jatropha curcas is currently being grown in guatemala by farmers as a biodiesel crop with the support of technoserveguatemala. Huge grants were released by many projects for huge plantation of jatropha.
Materials and methods plant materials and growth conditions oneyearold plants of jatropha curcas l. Jatropha seeds harvested from train repair station after 10. The chemical evaluation of jatropha curcas barbados nut seeds was carried out to ascertain the proximate composition, ascorbic acid content of the seeds, elemental analysis and physicochemical properties of the biodiesel produced from jatropha. Potential of jatropha curcas as a source of renewable oil and animal feed. Potential and challenges in making physic nut jatropha curcas l. Pax to be the most primitive form of the jatropha genus. Jatropha curcas a multipurpose african traditional medicinal plant. Jatropha curcas has leaves that are shallowly divided into 35 rounded lobes and glabrous. Much like other members of the family euphorbiaceae, members of the genus jatropha contain several toxic compounds. Assessment of the potential of jatropha curcas, biodiesel.
The technical evaluation of the three acids has been done based on experimental results obtained from thermal stability, droplet size analysis, rheological study, acid solubility, and toxicity screening. On jeg5 media 10 embryos per plate incubated in light 4 jatropha embryo germination. Physic nut jatropha curcas cultivation in honduras handbook. Especially in the 1980s and 1990s, gtz projects in africa gained a great deal of experience with the jatropha plant. The biproduct of seedoil extraction is a nutrientrich. From jatropha biofuel plant, some byproducts are produced. Document prepared by the agricultural communication center of the. The seeds of jatropha curcas contain the highly poisonous toxalbumin curcin, a lectin dimer. Jatropha curcas is being considered as a biofuel crop for thailand. Clitocybe tabescens root rot, colletotrichum gloeosporioides leaf spot, and phakopsora jatrophicola rust. The extraordinary collapse of jatropha as a biofuel. Jatropha curcas linnaeus, a multipurpose plant, contains high amount of oil in its seeds which can be converted to biodiesel. In 2007 goldman sachs cited jatropha curcas as one of the best candidates for future biodiesel production.
Jatropha plantation,cultivation,jatropha plant,jatropha. Sequence analysis of the genome of an oilbearing tree. Jatropha curcas is a monoecious species, which forms unisexual flowers, male and female flowers, separately in an individual plant. Jatropha curcas in vitro propagation penn state harrisburg. It is originally native to the tropical areas of the americas from mexico to argentina, and has been spread throughout the world in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, becoming naturalized or invasive in many areas. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information.
Total length of the nonredundant sequences thus obtained was 285 858 490 bp. Jatropha curcas plant as a species of particular interest with potential for cultivation even in constrained land warra and prasad, 2016 has shown its tolerance to mercury hgcontaminated soils from historical gold mines that represent a potential risk to human health and the environment marrugonegrete et al. Due to its adaptability to marginal soils and environments the. The leaves shed during the winter months form mulch around the base of the plant. Jatropha curcas, the wonder plant, produces seeds with an oil content of 37%.
Jatropa curcas belongs to the family euphorbiaceae. Antibacterial activity of leaves extracts of jatropha curcas, linn against enterobacter aerogenes beni. Jatropha curcas is a species with a variety of uses. The remaining press cake of jatropha seeds after oil extraction could also be considered for energy production. It is a multipurpose tree and of significant economic importance. Jatropha, challenges for a new energy crop springerlink. Cryopreservation of seeds and embryos of jatropha curcas l. The uses of are various parts of jatropa plant are well known to indian rural population from ages. B io d iesel p ro d u ction fro m jatropha curcas o il a major qua lifying project submi tted to t he faculty of w orc ester p o l yte c hn ic inst itut e in par tial fulfilm ent of the r equir ements for the degr ee of ba chelor of scienc e in c he mi cal en gine ering b y. How jatropha is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Jatropha curcas seed oil is the most offering alternative source of feedstock for biofuel industries. Click on names to expand them, and on p for plants profiles. Brandenburg stichting het groene woudt, laren report 158. Potential of jatropha curcas as a source of renewable oil.
Jatropha nbm and mc seeds seeds were sterilized rinsing with sterile water between steps utilizing. Compatible arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of jatropha curca. Physic nut oil was used in engines in segou, mali, during world war ii. The seeds of jatropha curcas contain the highly poisonous toxalbumin curcin, a. Value added products of jatropha curcas authorstream. Jatropha curcas is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, euphorbiaceae, that is. Names of jatropha in various languages of the world are also given. Two methods were evaluated for cryopreservation of seeds and zygotic embryos of j. Assessment of the potential of jatropha curcas, biodiesel tree, for energy production and other uses in developing countries mike benge, senior agroforestry officer, usaid ret. Jatropha herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients.
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